Water Distribution

Water distribution in our house has to be made in a very simple way and well planned. Principally, water comes from the main pipe, which then distributed into various facilities in and outside the house that need water, through different branches of pipes. Water needs inside the house are sink, bathtub or shower, toilet and washbasin, and outside the house are garden watering and car washing. People who want hot water facility in their house (mostly in the bathroom) will need cold and hot water tank. Cold-water tank is needed for supplying water to the hot water tank to produce hot water. It also could be use as water saving in emergency case when there is no water supply from the main pipe.

Essay writing

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Model Essay

Examination not assessment

In the past two decade, the use of formal examinations has become less frequent in many countries. The educational systems in some societies however are still dominated by formal examinations. I believe that, to a certain extent, examinations can give an unfair assessment of a student’s ability. Even thought examination result has been used extensively as a means of assessment in the past, there are times when they do not appear to reflect a student’s ability accurately.

Firstly, examinations can be unfair in several ways. For example, that whole career of a candidate depends upon what he or she does on a certain day and hour of an exam. If the candidate is ill, or if he or she has had some emotional trauma, these factors could have a negative effect on the student’s exam results. Furthermore, some students do not perform well under pressure and require a longer time to reach useful conclusions. Even though they may have studied diligently and know the subject matter thoroughly their performance does not reflect their ability. For these students, examinations appear to be unfair.

Yet, some people believe that examinations make people work hard. They assume that in order to do well, students need to work throughout the course as they know they will have to prove themselves at the end.

However, in many ways, exams have the opposite effect; some candidates merely cram so that they can perform quickly for the demands of the tests. Other forms of assessment such as course work and oral presentations are a more accurate reflection of how hard students work. In the assessment of their ability, students diligence, initiative, deductive reasoning and organizational skills are considered, which are important indicators of ability but are rarely tested in a formal examination.

In conclusion, even though formal examinations have been used in the past, they should no longer be used as the only means of assessment because they can be an unfair indication of the student’s overall ability. In the long term, other less formal means of assessment such as course work or oral presentations are a more useful indicator of the skills required in adult life and, therefore, a more accurate indication of a student’s ability.

extracting methane gas

Extracting methane gas from household waste

Methane gas is one of the residue, or gas that resulted from a chemical process. To extract this gas, we have to through so many processes, first, waste from household is colleted or kept in a place called warming bed. In this container, waste is change into methane, and the rest is released as a benefical composition called fertilizer. Then fertilizer can be used for plant to grow up. Second, the methane from warming bed go to the dirt trap. In this container, methane through a process that makes the methane is separated between the dirt and the methane itself, the dirt then released through a release cap, while the methane continues its journey passes the pipes to the next stop.

The next stop, or the third step is gas indicator, where the methane is dissolved in water and change into methane bubbles. In this place, there is a sealed top in order to keep the methane stay in the tube. The fourth step is pressure release. In this process, methane is extracted into gases. There is excess gas when the pressure high. Methane got certain pressure and temperature, that caused the excess of gas. The last process is Gas Holder. It is in form of inner tube, which has a weight to increase gas pressure, gas from the tube then released through the tap and became “methane gas”. This gas is safety and has less toxic than the waste from household.

Sekaten

SEKATEN

Sekaten is a particular ceremony that held every year to memorize the birth of prophet Muhammad. Sekaten is one of the most precious moment in Yogyakarta, which is held in “Maulud Month”, the month when prophet Muhammad was born. It is usually held on date 5-12 in Maulud Month, the third month in moeslem calendar.At about one month before sekaten ceremony is started, there is a kind of “night park” in the North Alun – alun ( a very large park in Yogyakarta). The most important part in Sekaten is called “Grebeg Maulud”, which is held exactly in the 12^th of Maulud Month.

The festival is started at 7.30 in the morning, begins with the parade of ten troopers from “Keraton”. They bring a thing called “Gunungan”. Gunungan is a group of foods like vegetables, peanuts, red chilli, eggs that arranges in a shape like mountain that represents the whealthy and welfare of Mataram (Kingdom in Yogyakarta). The Gunungan is Brought from North side of Keraton and Kemandungan into “Pagelaran” in North Alun–alun. When the Gunungan and the troopers arrived, they are welcomed with “Tembakan Salvo” and Troopers’ shout,. The procession is called “Garebeg”, taken from java’s “Brebeg” or “Gumerebeg”, which means crowded sound made by spectators’s shout.

Gunungan, then brought to “Masjid Agung” to be blessed. After it has blessed, Gunungan then become a sacred thing that many people wants to get it. Because they belived that Gunungan has a supranatural power. That’s why sekaten is called a very religious and sacred ceremony.

Sewage Disposal Unit Saves the Earth’s Water?

Before the wastes can enter the river, they have to be purified first. In order to make them purified, they have to pass some processes that in fact are not really complicated. First, all disposed wastes are flowed through the main sewer to be collected in a tank called settling tank. In this settling tank, the wastes are left to evaporate—in the end there will be two separated materials, undecayed solids and polluted water. The undecayed solids are removed and then burned, while the polluted water is pumped and flows through the pump house to the last place, the sprinkler beds. In the sprinkler beds, the water is entering the first filtrating process, which is rotated by the rotating arms. This will produce some jets of polluted water. These jets of polluted water then will be filtered by stones and microorganism on the brick work. There the water is totally purified and is available to enter the river.

Acehnese Noodles

At the first sight, Acehnese noodles are looked like some ordinary noodles, yet when you look closer, they are not. Acehnese noodles are more slippery than fried noodles, but less than boiled ones. The soup is dense—it has the right combination of spices, eggs, and vegetables. On the first taste, you will find that the noodles themselves are soft—some people say that it is due to the soup, while some other say that it is due to the glutens of the flour they use. The soup itself is spicy and with the addition of boiled egg yolks, the soup is tasted very delicious.

Water Distribution in House

To tell the truth, water distribution in a house is very simple. First, the water from the mains is pumped, and then it flows through the pipes to all over the house plumbing; the sink, the toilet, the wash basin, the bath, and the water tank. The water which reaches these places is the cold one, therefore, to have some hot water, it needs to flow to the hot water tank first—here the cold water is heated. This water can be saved in the tank for future use or it will flow through the hot water pipe to the bath, the wash basin, and the sink for hot water usage.

How Water Reaches The House

How Water Reaches The House

Water reaches the houses in vary ways. Many years ago, people who lived in rural areas had to get their own water from rivers or from local wells, nowadays, there are more facilities of water supply. In many big cities, there are water-suppy systems to provide water to homes, even in rural areas. This is one of the source of water that we get everyday in our houses. Besides that, the water also come from either a ground-water source, or from a surface-water source such as lake, or reservoir. In common house, there is a separation between cold and hot water that can be used for many purposes.

There is a complicated process of water started from the source until the faucets. First, water from the ground passes the mains to go to the saving water. Second, it goes to cold water tank, which is located in the top of the house, when water collected in cold water tank the water will be processed in certain temperature and pressure to get ideal temperature and cleans the water from bacteria, microorganism and waste. After that, cold water will through the mains and distributed to bath, wash basin, toilet and also sink, because almost every water system in the house needs cold water, the use of cold water is more dominant than the hot water. For hot water process, after it takes to the mains, then it goes to the hot water tank. In this place, water from the ground will be processed, with certain temperature and pressure, after that, hot water is ready to be distributed over the house, such as bath, wash basin and also sink to be used for many purposed.

How Water Reaches The House

How Water Reaches The House

Water reaches the houses in vary ways. Many years ago, people who lived in rural areas had to get their own water from rivers or from local wells, nowadays, there are more facilities of water supply. In many big cities, there are water-suppy systems to provide water to homes, even in rural areas. This is one of the source of water that we get everyday in our houses. Besides that, the water also come from either a ground-water source, or from a surface-water source such as lake, or reservoir. In common house, there is a separation between cold and hot water that can be used for many purposes.

There is a complicated process of water started from the source until the faucets. First, water from the ground passes the mains to go to the saving water. Second, it goes to cold water tank, which is located in the top of the house, when water collected in cold water tank the water will be processed in certain temperature and pressure to get ideal temperature and cleans the water from bacteria, microorganism and waste. After that, cold water will through the mains and distributed to bath, wash basin, toilet and also sink, because almost every water system in the house needs cold water, the use of cold water is more dominant than the hot water. For hot water process, after it takes to the mains, then it goes to the hot water tank. In this place, water from the ground will be processed, with certain temperature and pressure, after that, hot water is ready to be distributed over the house, such as bath, wash basin and also sink to be used for many purposed.

Clean Water System

The water that we use as a daily need in our house is apparently through a certain simple system. From the underground source, water pumped up to our house by mains. While some water directly distributed into cranes, sinks, toilets, and bath tubs in the house, some collected in a water tank which is put on a high place in a house. The collected water fungtion as a reserve allow the water system takes a rest for taking water from the underground.

Several houses need water as a cold and hot water. The water that straightly distributed into cranes is cold. to get the hot water, water in the tank channeled to the hot water tank and will be processed to distributed as hot water into cranes.

Sewage Disposal Unit

Waste water is not straightly flow to the water source, some purifying processes occur in the sewage disposal unit. The first step is channeling the polluted water through the main sewer into a settling tank. The solid pollutants are settled under the tank to be removed and burned.

The second step is pump up the water from settling tank by a pump house and the water jets on spinkler beds system with rotating arms for the third step. The jet of polluted water absorbed into the spinkle beds through the layers of brick work. At this progess, stones and micro-organism that still polluting the water are filtered. Under the sprinkler beds is main that allow the purified water entering the river.

Roti Bakar Bandung

'Roti Bakar Bandung' is one of the most popular foods from Bandung. 'Roti bakar' in english is toasted bread, and 'Bandung' is shows that the food is from Bandung. It doesn't like several toasted bread, 'Roti Bakar Bandung' bread's shape is a quite big block so you can enjoy it with your family. This kind of toasted bread is uniquely cooked after filled by jam, butter, or chocolate rice. You ca make your own combination fill for your bread. The way to cook the bread is unusual, it is cooked on a burned metal plate. It is cooked with butter, and that's make the brean smells so delicious. After toasted, the bread divide into some slices and 'Roti Bakar Bandung' is ready to enjoy.

Sewer Disposal Unit

At the sewer disposal unit there are three stages for cleaning the sewer. First, the polluted water is collected in a settling tank from the main sewer. The settling tank contains not only polluted water, but also undecayed solids from the polluted water that hardens that will be removed and burned. From the settling tank the polluted water is pumped through the pump house to the sprinkler beds. When it reaches the sprinkler beds, the polluted water is pumped to the rotating arms above the sprinkler beds which will be sprinkled to the sprinkler beds. The sprinkler beds is sealed with brick works so none of the water will get in or out of the sprinkler beds. When the water is sprinkled, it will go through the sprinkler beds which is filled with stones and micro-organisms that purifies the polluted water. Last, when the polluted water is purified it will proceed to the river.

The Processes of Sewage Disposal

Sewage is needed to be disposed and purified. These processes are quite complicated. There are three main processes; they are the settling process, the pumping process, and the filtering process. Sewages from houses and factories pass by sewers and reach main sewer. And then, the sewage is separated into polluted water and undecayed solids. These solids will be removed and burned. After that, the polluted water is pumped in pump house. This pumping is meant to channels polluted water to the sprinkler beds. In sprinkler beds, purification of polluted water is occurred. The polluted water is pumped to the top of sprinkler beds and passes by rotating arms that produces jets of polluted water. The jets infiltrate through layers that set up between brick work. This process makes the polluted water is filtered and purified from stones and microorganisms. After that, the purified water is flowed into river.

Sewage is needed to be disposed and purified. It is because every house produces sewage. If the sewage is not disposed and purified, it will accumulate. The accumulated sewage will make a problem. One of the problems is pollution of environment. Sewage is disposed and purified through three main parts; they are settling tank, pump house, and sprinkler beds.
First part is settling tank. In this part, sewage comes through the main sewer. All of the sewage is collected in the tank. The sewage will settle in this tank. The undecayed solids will get onto the base of the tank. And then, it will be removed and burned. This part produces polluted water.
The second part is pump house. Like its name, in this part, polluted water is pumped. The pump house is only used to force the water so it can go to the sprinkler beds.
The last part is sprinkler beds. In this part, the polluted water goes through a pipe. It is channeled to the rotating arms. The water will be scattered to the filter by the jets of polluted water. This filter will filtrate all of the stone and microorganism. After passing through this filter, the polluted water has become clean water. From this, the water can be channeled to the river.

Water Distribution in Houses

Some houses are using water pump to get water from the soil. Mostly, this water becomes the main source of water in those houses. This water is used mostly for washing, and taking baths. So, this cold water is distributed evenly through plumbing to baths, sinks, wash basins, and toilets. Water pumped from the soil is not only distributed to plumbing in the house, but it is also being preserved in a water tank. Since the water being pumped is cold, the water tank is called cold water tank. Then, to produce hot water, cold water in the cold water tank is distributed to the hot water tank to be processed. After the water is processed in the hot water tank, it can be distributed through the plumbing in the house as hot water.

EXTRACTING METHANES & DISPOSAL UNIT

EXTRACTING METHANES
At the first step, household waste kept in the warming bed. It will be extracted to be 2 materials, fertilizer and methane. Methane gas will distributed to the dirt trap through the pipe. In this trap, dregs content of the methane will be separated so methane will be distributed to the next holder without any waste content in it. Next, methane will come into the gas indicator <>. Bubbles will appear from the water as the indication that the gas flows. After that, methane will be distributed to the pressure release holder to decrease the pressure in order to avoid pipe broken. Then, methane will come into the gas holder and kept. In this holder, methane’s pressure will be increased by the weight above the holder. It is very useful because gas needs high pressure to come out through the tap. Final result, purified methane comes out through the tap, pushed by the pressure.



SEWAGE DISPOSAL UNITS
Sewage is water which is contents many waste and needs to be cleaned by the disposal units in order to avoid pollution. First step, sewage will be hold in the settling tank. In this tank, waste content of the sewage will be separated to be undecayed solids and will be removed then burned. Sewage without any solids will pumped into the pump house and distributed into the sprinkle beds. In this bed, sewage will be centrifugated by the rotating arms to produce the prime polluted water. Then, it kept in the jar of polluted water. Next, the water will be filtered by the bricks o separate the water from stones and many micro-organisms to produce the purified water. Finally, the purified water flows to the ending line entering rivers without any high water pollution risk.

Mesjid Raya Agung

Mesjid Raya Agung is the largest mosque in Pekanbaru or even in Riau. It is placed in the center of the town. Its area is wide and easy to be found. People often come here to pray and do the religious events.
About several years ago, its shape was not as big as it is. It was rebuilt and redesigned. Although the building wasn't completely finished yet, but it has been used to pray and it is wished to be the center of the moslem culture in South Asia.